Bone Metabolism Discrepancy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With and Without Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

To explore the distribution of several bone metabolic indicators in type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM) with and without non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to preliminarily evaluate the relationship of bone metabolism with NAFLD in patients with T2DM. The hospitalized patients with T2DM were divided into the group of T2DM complicated with NAFLD and the group of T2DM alone according to the results of ultrasonic diagnosis. The general information and laboratory test data such as bone metabolism indexes of these patients were collected and the differences of the indexes between the 2 groups were compared. Furthermore, the independent influencing factors of NAFLD in patients with T2DM were analyzed. A total of 186 patients were included in the study. Compared with patients with T2DM only, patients with T2DM combined with NAFLD were characterized with younger age (p < 0.001), higher BMI (p = 0.016), ALT (p = 0.001), TG (p = 0.005), HOMA-IR (p = 0.005), and lower HDL-C (p = 0.031). Significant discrepancy of age (OR 1.052, p = 0.001), ALT (OR 0.964, p = 0.047), HOMA-IR (OR 0.801, p = 0.005), and T-PINP (OR 1.022, p = 0.008) was found using multivariate logistic regression model. Significant discrepancy of T-PINP was found in T2DM patients with and without NAFLD. Further studies are needed to explore whether T-PINP could be used as a predictor of fatty liver disease, osteoporosis, and other related complications in patients with T2DM.     

Changes in Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Youth Undergoing Pubertal Suppression: A Pilot Study

Pubertal suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists in transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) youth may affect acquisition of peak bone mass. Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) has an inverse relationship with bone mineral density (BMD). To evaluate the effect of pubertal suppression on BMAT, in this pilot study we prospectively studied TGNC youth undergoing pubertal suppression and cisgender control participants with similar pubertal status over a 12-month period. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Magnetic Resonance T1 relaxometry (T1-R) and spectroscopy (MRS) were performed to quantify BMAT at the distal femur. We compared the change in BMD, T1-R values, and MRS lipid indices between the two groups. Six TGNC (two assigned female and four assigned male at birth) and three female control participants (mean age 10.9 and 11.7 years, respectively) were enrolled. The mean lumbar spine BMD Z-score declined by 0.29 in the TGNC group, but increased by 0.48 in controls (between-group difference 0.77, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.45). Similar findings were observed with the change in trabecular volumetric BMD at the 3% tibia site (-4.1% in TGNC, +3.2% in controls, between-group difference 7.3%, 95% CI: 0.5%-14%). Distal femur T1 values declined (indicative of increased BMAT) by 7.9% in the TGNC group, but increased by 2.1% in controls (between-group difference 10%, 95% CI: -12.7%, 32.6%). Marrow lipid fraction by MRS increased by 8.4% in the TGNC group, but declined by 0.1% in controls (between-group difference 8.5%, 95% CI: -50.2%, 33.0%). In conclusion, we observed lower bone mass acquisition and greater increases in BMAT indices by MRI and MRS in TGNC youth after 12 months of GnRH agonists compared with control participants. Early changes in BMAT may underlie an alteration in bone mass acquisition with pubertal suppression, including alterations in mesenchymal stem cells within marrow.     

Long non-coding RNA THRIL promotes LPS-induced inflammatory injury by down-regulating microRNA-125b in ATDC5 cells

BackgroundOsteoarthritis is an age-related disorder of bone-joint that causes pain and disability in middle and older people. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) THRIL on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced osteoarthritis cell injury model (ATDC5 cell inflammatory injury), as well as the possible internal molecular mechanisms.MethodsCell viability and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8 assay and Guava Nexin assay, respectively. Cell transfection was conducted to change the expression of THRIL and microRNA-125b (miR-125b) in ATDC5 cells. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of THRIL, miR-125b and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) in ATDC5 cells. ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in culture supernatant of ATDC5 cells. Finally, the protein expression of key factors involved in cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, JAK1/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways were evaluated using western blotting.ResultsLPS significantly induced ATDC5 cell inflammatory injury and up-regulated the expression of THRIL. Overexpression of THRIL aggravated the LPS-induced ATDC5 cell inflammatory injury. Suppression of THRIL had opposite effects. Moreover, THRIL negatively regulated the expression of miR-125b in ATDC5 cells. miR-125b participated in the effects of THRIL overexpression on LPS-induced ATDC5 cell inflammatory injury. Furthermore, overexpression of THRIL enhanced the LPS-induced JAK1/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways activation by down-regulating miR-125b.ConclusionTHRIL exerted pro-inflammatory roles in LPS-induced osteoarthritis cell injury model. Overexpression of THRIL promoted LPS-induced ATDC5 cell inflammatory injury by down-regulating miR-125b and then activating JAK1/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways.     

“一带一路”倡议布局下培养高等中医药专业人才的对策

培养中医药创新人才是实现中医药传承和国际化的重要条件。但目前中医药专业人才短缺,尤其紧缺精通中医药翻译和国际贸易服务的人才。因此,在"一带一路"倡议指导下,高等中医药院校应积极合理地开设课程,选择教材,建立科学合理的教学模式,完善考试制度,从而更好地培养中医药人才。     

脑干梗死的MRI和MRA征象

目的：探讨脑干梗死的MRI和MRA征象特点。方法：搜集我院1998年～2002年49例经MRI和MRA检查并经临床治疗证实的脑干梗死病例，其中21例行Gd-DTPA增强扫描，对比临床症状进行分析。结果：中脑梗死11例，桥脑梗死32例，延髓梗死6例。病灶直径以6～15mm为主，病灶形态主要因为不规则斑片状。病灶信号为长T1、长T2信号，行Gd—DTPA增强扫描，大部分呈斑片状或环状强化。MRA检查异常发现主要为椎动脉、基底动脉的狭窄或闭塞，基底动脉纡曲扩张。结论：脑干梗死主要因为椎-基底动脉异常，病灶部位可提示其临床意义。     

人源化抗人肺癌单域抗体基因的构建、表达及活性分析

目的： 构建人源化的抗人肺癌单域抗体hu3D3VH基因, 在大肠杆菌中表达, 对其蛋白活性进行分析.方法： 采用CDR移植技术对mAb3D3的重链可变区进行人源化, 通过重叠PCR获得hu3D3VH的基因.构建pET22（b＋）/hu3D3VH表达载体, 并转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）, 在IPTG诱导下表达.表达产物通过Ni亲和层析柱纯化.采用间接ELISA和竞争抑制ELISA法进行活性分析.结果： 通过重叠PCR获得序列正确的目的基因.目的蛋白以包涵体的形式表达, 表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%以上.纯化后, 目的蛋白的纯度达95%以上.hu3D3VH具有与亲本抗体相同的抗原反应性, 并能抑制mAb3D3与L342细胞的结合.结论： 获得的人源化单域抗体hu3D3VH, 保留了与mAb3D3相同的反应性和特异性, 为进一步临床应用奠定了基础.     

截骨加楔形植骨术治疗创伤性踝成角并短缩畸形（附7例分析）

目的：对创伤性踝成角并短缩畸形行截骨加楔形植骨手术的治疗效果进行评价。方法：对7例因外伤致踝成角并短缩畸形患者行截骨加楔形植骨术矫形并延长肢体，术后进行平均39．7个月的随访，就疼痛，行走能力，活动度、日常生活能力等进行百分制评分。结果：术后患肢恢复或接近等长，疼痛，行走能力和日常生活能力均有改善，但踝关节活动度无改善。结论：本手术方法是治疗创伤性踝关节成角短缩畸形合并早期骨性关节炎十分有效的方法。